Differential Diagnosis for Elevated Copper Levels in a 68 yo AA Male
- Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Chronic liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis): Elevated copper levels can occur in chronic liver disease due to the liver's inability to properly metabolize and excrete copper. This is a common condition that can lead to elevated copper levels.
- Other Likely Diagnoses
- Wilson's disease: Although less common, Wilson's disease is an inherited disorder that causes copper accumulation in the body. It can present at any age, including in older adults.
- Indian childhood cirrhosis (or similar conditions): Although rare in adults, conditions that cause copper accumulation in the liver can lead to elevated copper levels.
- Hemochromatosis: A genetic disorder that leads to iron overload, but can also affect copper metabolism.
- Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Acute liver failure: A life-threatening condition that requires immediate attention. Elevated copper levels can occur in acute liver failure due to the sudden loss of liver function.
- Malignancy (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma): Certain types of cancer, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, can cause elevated copper levels.
- Rare Diagnoses
- Menkes disease: A rare inherited disorder that affects copper metabolism, typically presenting in infancy.
- Aceruloplasminemia: A rare genetic disorder that affects iron and copper metabolism.
- Medication-induced copper toxicity (e.g., from certain medications or supplements): Certain medications or supplements can cause copper toxicity, leading to elevated copper levels.