What is the cause of unilateral lower eyelid erythema (redness) and edema (swelling)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: April 3, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for Lower Eyelid Redness and Swelling

  • Single most likely diagnosis:
    • Allergic conjunctivitis: This is a common condition that can cause redness, swelling, and itching of the eyelids, often due to an allergic reaction to pollen, dust, or other environmental factors.
  • Other Likely diagnoses:
    • Blepharitis: An inflammation of the eyelids that can cause redness, swelling, and crustiness, often associated with bacterial or demodex mite infestations.
    • Hordeolum (stye): A localized infection or inflammation of the eyelid margin, which can cause redness, swelling, and pain.
    • Chalazion: A small bump on the eyelid due to a blocked oil gland, which can cause redness, swelling, and tenderness.
    • Eczema or atopic dermatitis: A chronic skin condition that can cause redness, swelling, and itching of the eyelids.
  • Do Not Miss diagnoses:
    • Orbital cellulitis: A serious infection of the tissues surrounding the eye, which can cause redness, swelling, and pain, and potentially lead to vision loss or other complications if not promptly treated.
    • Angioedema: A severe allergic reaction that can cause rapid swelling of the eyelids, face, and airways, which can be life-threatening if not promptly treated.
  • Rare diagnoses:
    • Sarcoidosis: A systemic inflammatory disease that can cause granulomatous inflammation of the eyelids, leading to redness and swelling.
    • Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's granulomatosis): A rare autoimmune disorder that can cause inflammation and damage to the blood vessels, including those in the eyelids, leading to redness and swelling.
    • Malignant tumors: Rarely, redness and swelling of the eyelid can be a sign of a malignant tumor, such as basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.