Is 94010 the correct Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code for a pulmonary function test?

CPT Code 94010 for Pulmonary Function Testing

CPT code 94010 is correct for simple spirometry without bronchodilator, but it represents only one component of a complete pulmonary function test (PFT), not the entire test itself. 1, 2

Understanding What 94010 Covers

• 94010 specifically codes for simple spirometry without bronchodilator administration, which measures forced expiratory flows and mobilizable volumes but does not constitute a comprehensive PFT 1, 2
• This code is typically bundled with more comprehensive pulmonary testing codes (94620 and 94621) when performed as part of cardiopulmonary exercise testing 1, 2

When to Use 94010 vs. Other PFT Codes

For basic spirometry alone:

• Use 94010 when performing only spirometry without bronchodilator challenge 1, 2
• Use 94060 for the separate reading and interpretation of the pulmonary function test (not for performing the test) 1, 2
• Use 94070 when spirometry includes post-exposure bronchospasm evaluation 1, 2

For comprehensive pulmonary function testing:

• Use 94620 for simple pulmonary stress testing (telemetry and pulse oximetry-monitored testing without metabolic measurements), which requires only general physician supervision 1, 2
• Use 94621 for complex pulmonary stress testing that includes metabolic cart measurements of VO2 and VCO2, which requires direct physician presence throughout the entire test 1, 2
• Add 94681 when oxygen uptake and expired gas analysis (CO2 output, O2 percentage) are measured 1, 2

Common Coding Pitfalls to Avoid

• Do not use 94060 alone when a complete PFT is performed, as this code is only for interpretation, not the actual test performance—this error leads to improper reimbursement 2
• Recognize that spirometry codes (94010,94060,94070) are bundled with comprehensive pulmonary testing codes (94620 and 94621) under the Correct Coding Initiative when performed together 1, 2
• Always document medical necessity with appropriate ICD diagnostic codes to avoid claim denials 2
• Include additional codes for arterial blood gas measurements (36600 for arterial puncture, 36620 for arterial catheterization, 82803 for blood gas analysis) when these procedures are part of comprehensive testing 1, 2

Documentation Requirements

• Specific documentation in the medical record is mandatory to support the test and any adjunct procedures performed 1, 2
• For complex testing (94621), document direct physician presence and supervision throughout the entire test 2
• Generate separate interpretive reports when both cardiac and pulmonary measurements are performed, with each code linked to appropriate diagnostic codes 1