What is the diagnosis for a patient with no central pulmonary embolism, indeterminate pulmonary nodules, diffuse hepatic steatosis, and an enlarged spleen?

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Last updated: April 3, 2025 • View editorial policy

Differential Diagnosis

  • Single most likely diagnosis: + Metastatic cancer (e.g., lung, breast, or gastrointestinal cancer) with hepatic steatosis and splenomegaly. This diagnosis is likely due to the presence of multiple indeterminate pulmonary nodules, including a large left upper lobe nodule, and the association of splenomegaly and hepatic steatosis with metastatic disease.
  • Other Likely diagnoses: + Lymphoma: The presence of splenomegaly, hepatic steatosis, and pulmonary nodules could be indicative of lymphoma, particularly if the patient has systemic symptoms such as weight loss or night sweats. + Chronic liver disease: Hepatic steatosis and splenomegaly can be seen in chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis, which may also lead to the development of pulmonary nodules due to hepatopulmonary syndrome. + Infection (e.g., tuberculosis, fungal infections): Although less likely, infections can cause pulmonary nodules, splenomegaly, and hepatic steatosis, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.): + Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs): Although the CT scan did not show central pulmonary embolism, PAVMs can cause pulmonary nodules and can be life-threatening if ruptured. + Sarcoidosis: This condition can cause pulmonary nodules, splenomegaly, and hepatic involvement, and although less likely, it should not be missed due to its potential for serious complications.
  • Rare diagnoses: + Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH): This rare condition can cause pulmonary nodules, hepatic steatosis, and splenomegaly, particularly in smokers. + Gaucher's disease: A rare genetic disorder that can cause splenomegaly, hepatic steatosis, and pulmonary nodules due to the accumulation of glucocerebroside.

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This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.