From the Guidelines
Clinical Presentations of Fungal Acute Otitis Externa (AOE)
Fungal acute otitis externa typically presents with itching, fullness, and discharge in the ear canal. This presentation is often accompanied by a visible fungal infection, such as a white, yellow, or black discharge, and may be preceded by water exposure or trauma to the ear canal, which disrupts the normal protective barrier and allows fungal overgrowth. The itching and fullness are thought to be caused by the fungal infection itself, as well as the resulting inflammation and edema in the ear canal, while the discharge is a combination of fungal elements and the body's response to the infection.
Causes and Risk Factors
- The exact cause of fungal AOE is not well understood, but it is believed to be related to fungal overgrowth in the ear canal, often facilitated by water exposure or trauma to the ear canal, which disrupts the normal protective barrier and allows fungal overgrowth.
- Fungal species involved in AOE include Aspergillus and Candida, with Aspergillus being the most common cause.
Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diagnosis of fungal AOE is typically based on clinical presentation and otomicroscopic examination.
- Treatment options include topical antifungal creams and ointments, as well as orally administered antifungal medications such as itraconazole, voriconazole, or posaconazole.
- In severe cases, systemic antifungal therapy may be necessary,
Conclusion
The clinical presentation of fungal acute otitis externa typically includes itching, fullness, and discharge in the ear canal, often accompanied by a visible fungal infection. The exact cause of fungal AOE is not well understood, but it is believed to be related to fungal overgrowth in the ear canal, often facilitated by water exposure or trauma to the ear canal, which disrupts the normal protective barrier and allows fungal overgrowth. Diagnosis and treatment of fungal AOE involve clinical presentation and otomicroscopic examination, as well as topical antifungal creams and ointments and orally administered antifungal medications.
From the Research
Clinical Presentations of Fungal Acute Otitis Externa (AOE)
- Fungal AOE is often characterized by an infection in the ear canal, which can be painful 1
- The condition is influenced by factors such as pH levels, inflammation, and fungal invasion, with Aspergillus and Candida species being the most common fungi involved 1
- Typical presentations may include symptoms related to the infection and inflammation of the ear canal
- It is essential to note that fungal AOE can lead to serious complications if left untreated or not managed properly
Causes and Complications
- Fungal invasion, particularly by Aspergillus and Candida species, is a common cause of AOE 1
- The infection can lead to complications such as necrotising otitis externa, which requires prompt medical attention 1
- Understanding the causes and potential complications of fungal AOE is crucial for effective management and treatment