What labs are required for a patient with an expired Nexplanon (etonogestrel) implant to start a progesterone-only pill (POP), such as norethindrone?

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Last updated: December 4, 2025View editorial policy

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No Laboratory Tests Required for Progesterone-Only Pills

For a healthy patient switching from an expired Nexplanon to a progesterone-only pill (POP), no laboratory tests are required before initiation. 1, 2

What You Need to Do

Required Before Starting POP

  • Nothing. No examinations or laboratory tests are needed for progestin-only pills in healthy women. 1, 2
  • Blood pressure, glucose, lipids, liver enzymes, hemoglobin, thrombogenic mutations, Pap smear, breast exam, and pelvic exam are all classified as Class C (not contributing substantially to safe use) for POPs. 1, 2

When to Start the POP

  • Start immediately if you are reasonably certain she is not pregnant. 1
  • When switching from Nexplanon (or any contraceptive method), POPs can be started at any time without waiting for her next menstrual period. 1

Backup Contraception Needed

  • If starting >5 days after menses began: She needs to abstain from sex or use barrier methods (condoms) for 2 days after starting the norethindrone POP. 1
  • If starting within 5 days of menses: No backup needed. 1

Important Clinical Considerations

Pregnancy Assessment

  • The key is being "reasonably certain" she's not pregnant—this is based on clinical criteria, not lab tests. 1
  • If uncertain about pregnancy status, the benefits of starting POPs exceed any risk, so start the POP anyway with a follow-up pregnancy test in 2-4 weeks. 1

Optional Baseline Measurement

  • Weight/BMI measurement is optional but may be useful for monitoring over time if she's concerned about weight changes. 1, 2
  • This is not required for medical eligibility—obese women can safely use POPs. 1

Common Pitfall to Avoid

  • Do not delay contraception initiation to obtain unnecessary lab work. The CDC guidelines explicitly state that requiring labs creates barriers to contraceptive access without improving safety. 1, 2
  • Medical history focusing on contraindications (current breast cancer, certain liver diseases) is more important than laboratory screening. 2

Nexplanon Removal Timing

  • The expired Nexplanon should be removed, as it provides contraceptive protection for only 3 years. 3, 4
  • Fertility returns rapidly after removal, which is why immediate POP initiation with appropriate backup is important. 3

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

Laboratory Tests Before Starting Birth Control

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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