From the Research
Maxitrol ophthalmic ointment is more effective than Neosporin ophthalmic ointment for treating bacterial eye infections with inflammation, such as blepharitis or post-operative inflammation with infection risk, due to its steroid component. Neosporin ophthalmic ointment contains three antibiotics: polymyxin B, neomycin, and bacitracin, which work together to kill a broad spectrum of bacteria, but it does not contain any steroids. Maxitrol, on the other hand, contains two antibiotics (neomycin and polymyxin B) plus dexamethasone, a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation, redness, and swelling. According to a study published in 2023 1, antibiotics are associated with a modestly improved chance of resolution in comparison to the use of placebo, with a 26% improvement in clinical cure. However, the use of steroids in Maxitrol can potentially worsen certain eye conditions like fungal infections or herpes simplex, and long-term use may increase intraocular pressure or cause cataracts.
Some key points to consider when choosing between Neosporin and Maxitrol include:
- The presence of inflammation: Maxitrol is more effective for conditions with inflammation due to its steroid component.
- The risk of steroid-related side effects: Neosporin may be a better choice for patients at risk of steroid-related side effects.
- The severity of the infection: Maxitrol may be more effective for severe infections due to its broader spectrum of activity.
- The patient's medical history: Patients with a history of fungal infections or herpes simplex may need to avoid Maxitrol.
It is essential to follow the eye doctor's instructions for dosing and administration, and patients should report worsening symptoms or lack of improvement after 48 hours. Neither medication should be used with contact lenses. As stated in a study published in 1996 2, Maxitrol treatment resulted in a significantly greater reduction in bacterial counts and bacterial eradication compared to treatment with steroid alone. However, the most recent and highest-quality study, published in 2023 1, should be prioritized when making a definitive recommendation.