What is the MA Spore (Massachusetts Spore) protocol for treating pediatric leukemia?

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MA Spore Protocol for Pediatric Leukemia

I cannot identify a specific "MA Spore" or "Massachusetts Spore" protocol in the available evidence. This terminology does not appear in current pediatric leukemia treatment guidelines or literature from major cooperative groups.

What You May Be Referring To

The most likely possibilities are:

1. BFM (Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster) Protocol

This is the most widely used pediatric ALL treatment framework globally and may be what you're seeking 1, 2.

Core structure includes:

  • Induction: 4-drug regimen with vincristine, anthracycline (daunorubicin/doxorubicin), corticosteroid (prednisone/dexamethasone), and L-asparaginase 1
  • Consolidation: High-dose methotrexate for high-risk and T-cell ALL 3
  • Delayed intensification: Dexamethasone, vincristine, and asparaginase 3
  • Maintenance: Mercaptopurine and methotrexate for 2-2.5 years 3, 4

2. Children's Oncology Group (COG) Protocols

These are the standard protocols used across North America 3, 1.

Key features:

  • Standard-risk B-ALL: 3-drug induction (dexamethasone, asparaginase, vincristine) without anthracyclines 3, 1
  • High-risk patients: 4-drug induction including anthracyclines 3, 4
  • Dexamethasone 6 mg/m² per day for 28 days during induction 3

3. MRD-Guided Modified BFM 95 Protocol

Recent data from India shows excellent outcomes with this approach 2.

Treatment outcomes:

  • Event-free survival: 79.4% 2
  • Overall survival: 88.2% 2
  • Treatment-related mortality: 4.4% 2

CNS Prophylaxis Requirements

All pediatric ALL patients require CNS-directed therapy 3:

  • CNS-1 status: Standard intrathecal prophylaxis 3
  • CNS-2 status: Enhanced intrathecal therapy 3
  • CNS-3 status: Intensive intrathecal chemotherapy ± cranial radiation (18 Gy at 1.5-1.8 Gy/fraction) 3

Triple intrathecal therapy is recommended for T-cell ALL and patients with CSF blasts 3.

Risk Stratification Factors

Poor prognostic indicators requiring intensified therapy 1, 5:

  • WBC ≥30×10⁹/L (B-cell) or ≥100×10⁹/L (T-cell) 1
  • Hypodiploidy (<44 chromosomes) 5
  • KMT2A (MLL) rearrangements 1, 5
  • End-induction MRD positivity 3

Critical Recommendation

If you are looking for a specific institutional protocol named "MA Spore," you should contact the treating institution directly, as this may be a local protocol name not published in the medical literature. The standard of care for pediatric ALL in the United States follows COG protocols, which are BFM-based regimens with MRD-guided risk stratification 3, 1.

References

Guideline

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment with BFM Regimen

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Guideline

Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Pediatric Leukemia Treatment Approach

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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