Is gastric lavage (stomach pumping) recommended for patients who have ingested paint thinner?

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Last updated: December 8, 2025View editorial policy

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Gastric Lavage for Paint Thinner Ingestion

Gastric lavage should NOT be performed for paint thinner ingestion under any circumstances. Paint thinner is a hydrocarbon with high aspiration potential, making gastric lavage absolutely contraindicated due to the severe risk of chemical pneumonitis and respiratory compromise 1, 2.

Why Gastric Lavage is Contraindicated

Hydrocarbons like paint thinner pose extreme aspiration risk, and gastric lavage is explicitly contraindicated when hydrocarbons with high aspiration potential have been ingested 1, 2. The mechanical process of inserting a tube and lavaging the stomach significantly increases the likelihood of vomiting and subsequent aspiration, which can cause life-threatening chemical pneumonitis 1.

Even in poisonings where gastric lavage might theoretically be considered, the evidence shows it should not be employed routinely and carries significant morbidity without proven clinical benefit 1, 2. The procedure is only potentially justified in rare cases of life-threatening ingestions of non-hydrocarbon substances when performed within 60 minutes of ingestion 1, 3.

Appropriate Management for Paint Thinner Ingestion

Immediate Priorities

  • Prioritize airway protection and respiratory support as the primary concern, since hydrocarbon aspiration causes direct lung injury 4, 3.

  • Implement supportive care measures including monitoring for respiratory distress, oxygen supplementation if needed, and hemodynamic stabilization 4, 3.

  • Do NOT induce vomiting with ipecac syrup or any other method, as this dramatically increases aspiration risk 4, 3.

Decontamination Approach

  • Activated charcoal is NOT indicated for hydrocarbon ingestions, as hydrocarbons are poorly adsorbed by charcoal and the risk of aspiration during administration outweighs any theoretical benefit 4.

  • Contact poison control centers immediately for expert guidance on management, as they can provide substance-specific recommendations and ongoing consultation 4, 5, 6.

Key Clinical Pitfalls to Avoid

  • Never perform gastric lavage for any hydrocarbon ingestion, regardless of the amount ingested or time since ingestion 1, 2.

  • Do not delay airway protection to attempt any gastrointestinal decontamination method 4, 5.

  • Avoid any intervention that increases vomiting risk, including mechanical stimulation of the pharynx or administration of emetics 4, 3.

Evidence Quality Note

The contraindication to gastric lavage for hydrocarbon ingestion represents a consensus position from major toxicology societies based on well-established pathophysiology and clinical experience 1, 2. The 2013 position paper update reinforces that gastric lavage should not be performed routinely, if at all, and specifically excludes hydrocarbons due to aspiration risk 2.

References

Research

Position paper update: gastric lavage for gastrointestinal decontamination.

Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 2013

Guideline

Decontamination Methods for Poisoning

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Gastric Lavage for Paraquat Poisoning

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Activated Charcoal Dosing for Phenol Poisoning

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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