What do the question marks in my nuclear stress test report indicating borderline ischemia and arrhythmias during recovery signify?

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Understanding Question Marks in Nuclear Stress Test Reports

The question marks in your report are likely formatting artifacts or bullet points from the reporting software, not indicators of diagnostic uncertainty. These symbols commonly appear in automated reporting systems as placeholders for bullet points or section markers and do not signify that your interpreting physician is unsure about the findings 1.

What Your Report Actually Shows

Your nuclear stress test demonstrates borderline findings for ischemia based on specific ECG changes during recovery:

The ST Depression Pattern

  • 1.0 mm of upsloping ST depression occurred in the inferolateral leads (II, III, aVF, V5, V6) during the recovery phase 1
  • Upsloping ST depression is considered a less specific finding for ischemia compared to horizontal or downsloping ST depression 1
  • The fact that it resolved by minute 5 of recovery is actually a favorable prognostic sign, as prolonged ST depression correlates with more severe coronary disease 1

Why "Borderline" Matters

The term "borderline for ischemia" reflects that:

  • Upsloping ST depression ≥1.0 mm falls into a gray zone—it can occur with true ischemia but also in normal individuals, especially during recovery when catecholamine levels remain elevated 1
  • The inferolateral distribution suggests possible involvement of the right coronary or circumflex arteries, but the pattern alone doesn't definitively confirm obstructive disease 2
  • Your ECG changes were not accompanied by the most specific markers of severe ischemia, such as ST elevation, horizontal/downsloping depression ≥2 mm, or changes in multiple lead zones 1, 2

The Arrhythmias Noted

Rare PACs (premature atrial contractions) and occasional PVCs (premature ventricular contractions) during recovery are extremely common and generally benign findings 1:

  • These occur in the recovery phase due to high catecholamine levels combined with changing hemodynamics as your heart rate slows 1
  • The frequency described ("rare" and "occasional") indicates these are not clinically significant 1
  • Exercise-induced arrhythmias with ST depression are less concerning than those with ST elevation 1

What This Means Clinically

Your nuclear perfusion images (the actual pictures of blood flow to your heart) are the most important part of this test 3:

  • If your nuclear images showed no perfusion defects, the borderline ECG changes have minimal prognostic significance and your cardiac event risk remains low 3
  • If perfusion defects were present, their size and reversibility determine your risk far more than the ECG changes alone 4, 2, 3
  • Studies show that when nuclear imaging is normal, even positive ECG changes do not predict cardiac events (hazard ratio 1.214, not statistically significant) 3

Next Steps

Request clarification from your ordering physician specifically about the nuclear perfusion images:

  • Ask whether any perfusion defects were identified and their extent (measured as percentage of myocardium involved) 4
  • If perfusion defects were present, ask if they were reversible (indicating ischemia) or fixed (indicating prior infarction) 4, 5
  • The combination of perfusion findings with your ECG changes determines whether further testing (such as coronary angiography) is warranted 1, 6

Common Pitfall to Avoid

Do not focus excessively on the ECG component alone—the nuclear perfusion images provide far superior prognostic information 5, 3. The ECG changes you describe are nonspecific and their clinical significance depends entirely on whether they correlate with actual perfusion abnormalities on the nuclear images 3.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Discrepancy between stress electrocardiographic changes and nuclear myocardial perfusion defects in the prognostic assessment of patients with chest pain.

Revista portuguesa de cardiologia : orgao oficial da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia = Portuguese journal of cardiology : an official journal of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology, 2013

Guideline

Indications for Nuclear Medicine in Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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