What is the cause of brown vaginal discharge?

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Differential Diagnosis for Brown Vaginal Discharge

Single Most Likely Diagnosis

  • Bacterial Vaginosis: This is often the most common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge, including brown discharge. It's characterized by an imbalance of the normal vaginal flora, leading to symptoms like unusual discharge, odor, and sometimes irritation.

Other Likely Diagnoses

  • Trichomoniasis: A sexually transmitted infection caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, which can lead to a greenish or brownish, frothy vaginal discharge.
  • Yeast Infection (Candidiasis): While typically associated with a white, cottage cheese-like discharge, some cases can present with a brownish tint, especially if there's bleeding or if the infection is complicated.
  • Cervicitis: Inflammation of the cervix, often due to infection, can cause abnormal vaginal discharge, including brown discharge, along with other symptoms like pelvic pain and bleeding.

Do Not Miss Diagnoses

  • Cervical Cancer: Although less common, cervical cancer can cause abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge, including brown discharge. It's crucial to not miss this diagnosis due to its severe implications.
  • Endometrial Cancer: Similar to cervical cancer, endometrial cancer can cause abnormal uterine bleeding, which might appear as brown discharge. Early detection is key for effective treatment.
  • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): A serious infection of the female reproductive organs that can cause a range of symptoms, including abnormal discharge, pelvic pain, and fever. PID requires prompt treatment to prevent long-term complications.

Rare Diagnoses

  • Foreign Body: The presence of a foreign object in the vagina, especially in children, can lead to a foul-smelling, possibly brown discharge due to infection or reaction.
  • Desquamative Inflammatory Vaginitis (DIV): A rare condition characterized by a purulent, greenish or brownish discharge, along with vaginal inflammation and pain.
  • Vaginal Cancer: A rare type of cancer that can cause abnormal vaginal bleeding or discharge, among other symptoms. Due to its rarity and severity, it's essential to consider it in the differential diagnosis.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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