Is Prolia (denosumab) administered subcutaneously (SUBQ) or intramuscularly (IM)?

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Last updated: December 10, 2025View editorial policy

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Prolia Administration Route

Prolia (denosumab) is administered subcutaneously (SUBQ), not intramuscularly (IM).

Administration Details

The FDA-approved dosing is 60 mg administered as a single subcutaneous injection once every 6 months. 1

Approved Injection Sites

The recommended subcutaneous injection sites include 1:

  • Upper arm
  • Upper thigh
  • Abdomen

Critical Administration Instructions

  • Do NOT administer into muscle or blood vessel - this is explicitly contraindicated in the FDA labeling 1
  • The injection must be administered by a healthcare professional 1
  • Prior to administration, Prolia may be removed from the refrigerator and brought to room temperature (up to 25°C/77°F) by standing in the original container for 15 to 30 minutes 1
  • Do not warm Prolia in any other way 1

Clinical Trial Evidence Confirming Subcutaneous Route

Multiple large-scale clinical trials consistently used the subcutaneous route 2:

  • ABCSG-18 trial: Patients received subcutaneous denosumab 60 mg every 6 months 2
  • D-CARE trial: Denosumab 120 mg was administered subcutaneously 2
  • FREEDOM trial: The pivotal trial establishing denosumab efficacy used subcutaneous administration 3

Comparison with Other Bone-Modifying Agents

For context, other bone-modifying agents have different routes 2:

  • Calcitonin-salmon (Miacalcin): Can be given SC or IM every other day 2
  • Teriparatide (Forteo): 20 mcg SC per day 2
  • Zoledronic acid (Reclast): IV administration 2

The subcutaneous route for Prolia is non-negotiable and supported by all regulatory approvals, clinical guidelines, and research evidence.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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