What are the differential diagnoses for discolored breast milk, specifically brown-colored breast milk (galactorrhea)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: April 5, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for Brown Breast Milk

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Breast milk with a high concentration of lipids or foremilk imbalance: This condition can cause the milk to appear brown or have a brownish tint due to the high fat content.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Blood in breast milk (rusty pipe syndrome): This condition occurs when there is bleeding from the nipple or breast tissue, causing the milk to appear brown or pink.
    • Infection or inflammation of the breast (mastitis): Certain infections can cause changes in the color or consistency of breast milk, including a brownish tint.
    • Dietary factors: Consuming certain foods or drinks, such as beets or rhubarb, can cause a change in the color of breast milk.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Galactosemia: A rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to metabolize galactose, a sugar found in milk. It can cause a range of symptoms, including changes in the color or consistency of breast milk.
    • Breast cancer: Although rare, breast cancer can cause changes in the color or consistency of breast milk, including a brownish tint.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Alkaptonuria: A rare genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down certain amino acids, causing a range of symptoms, including darkening of the urine and breast milk.
    • Melanosis: A rare condition characterized by an increase in melanin production, which can cause a range of symptoms, including changes in skin and breast milk color.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.