Differential Diagnosis for Right Inner Lateral Ankle Pain without Trauma
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Peroneal Tendinopathy: This condition is a common cause of lateral ankle pain, especially in individuals who participate in activities that involve repetitive ankle movements. The peroneal tendons run along the lateral aspect of the ankle, and their inflammation or degeneration can cause pain in this area.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Ankle Impingement: This condition occurs when there is compression of the soft tissues in the ankle joint, leading to pain and limited mobility. It can be anterior (front) or posterior (back), but can also involve the lateral aspect of the ankle.
- Lateral Ankle Ligament Sprain: Although the question specifies "without trauma," minor or unnoticed injuries can still occur, leading to ligament sprains. The lateral ligaments of the ankle are prone to sprains, which can cause pain on the outside of the ankle.
- Sinus Tarsi Syndrome: This condition involves inflammation of the sinus tarsi, a small canal in the foot that contains tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels. It can cause lateral ankle pain, especially with weight-bearing activities.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Talus: This is a condition where a piece of cartilage and bone in the talus (ankle bone) becomes damaged, leading to pain and potentially severe consequences if left untreated. Although less common, it's crucial to consider due to its potential impact on joint health.
- Infection (e.g., Osteomyelitis or Septic Arthritis): Infections in the bone or joint can cause severe pain and have significant consequences if not promptly treated. While less likely without a clear source of infection, they are critical to rule out.
- Tumor (Benign or Malignant): Although rare, tumors can cause pain in the ankle area. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment, making this a "do not miss" diagnosis.
Rare Diagnoses
- Nerve Entrapment (e.g., Superficial Peroneal Nerve Entrapment): This involves compression of a nerve, which can cause pain, numbness, and weakness in the area supplied by the nerve. It's less common but should be considered if other diagnoses are ruled out.
- Ganglion Cyst: A ganglion cyst is a non-cancerous lump that can develop on the ankle, causing pain and discomfort. They are relatively rare and usually have a distinct appearance on imaging studies.
- Stress Fracture: Although more common in areas like the metatarsals, stress fractures can occur in the bones around the ankle, including the talus and calcaneus, leading to pain without a history of significant trauma.