From the Guidelines
Strep viridans is related to dental caries as it is part of the normal oral flora that can contribute to tooth decay development, although the specific mechanisms and relationships are complex and not fully understood, particularly in relation to fluoride exposure. The relationship between Strep viridans and dental caries is multifaceted, involving the bacteria's ability to colonize tooth surfaces, form dental plaque, and produce acids through fermentation when exposed to dietary sugars, which can demineralize tooth enamel and lead to cavity formation 1. However, it's essential to note that the primary cariogenic bacteria implicated in dental caries is Streptococcus mutans, not Strep viridans, as evidenced by studies showing that fluoride inhibits the activity of cariogenic bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, by affecting their metabolism of carbohydrates and production of adhesive polysaccharides 1. Key factors in preventing dental caries associated with oral bacteria include:
- Regular brushing with fluoride toothpaste twice daily
- Daily flossing
- Limiting sugar consumption
- Regular dental check-ups The relationship between oral bacteria, including Strep viridans, and dental caries highlights the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene and dietary habits to prevent the development of tooth decay.
From the Research
Relationship Between Strep Viridans and Dental Caries
- Strep viridans, also known as viridans streptococci, are a group of bacteria that are commonly found in the oral cavity and are associated with dental caries 2, 3, 4.
- The bacteria are able to adhere to tooth surfaces and form biofilms, which can lead to the development of dental caries 2.
- Studies have shown that certain species of viridans streptococci, such as Streptococcus mutans, are more commonly found in the dental plaque of individuals with caries than in those without caries 2, 4.
- The presence of Streptococcus mutans in dental plaque has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of dental caries 2, 4.
Characteristics of Viridans Streptococci
- Viridans streptococci are able to produce acids from the fermentation of sugars, which can contribute to the development of dental caries 2, 3.
- The bacteria are also able to produce enzymes that can break down the proteins and glycoproteins found in saliva and dental plaque 3.
- Some species of viridans streptococci, such as Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mitis, are able to produce IgA1 proteases, which can help the bacteria to evade the immune system and colonize the oral cavity 3.
Prevention and Treatment of Dental Caries
- The use of fluoride varnishes and other topical fluoride agents has been shown to be effective in preventing dental caries by forming a calcium fluoride-like material on the enamel surface 5.
- Reducing the amount of mutans streptococci in the saliva of mothers has been shown to prevent the transmission of these bacteria to their children, which can help to prevent dental caries 4.
- The use of antibiotics to treat dental caries is not typically recommended, as the bacteria that cause dental caries are able to develop resistance to antibiotics 6.