What is the medical term for the content of emesis that contains food particles?

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Medical Terminology for Food-Containing Emesis

The medical term for vomitus (emesis) that contains food particles is "food material" or simply describing the emesis as containing "food particles" or "undigested food." 1

Standard Medical Documentation

When documenting emesis content in medical records, clinicians typically describe what is observed rather than using a single specialized term:

  • "Food material in emesis" is the standard descriptive phrase used in clinical guidelines when documenting aspiration risk assessment 1
  • "Emesis with food particles" or "emesis containing undigested food" are commonly used clinical descriptions 1
  • The term "food material" specifically appears in aspiration pneumonitis definitions when describing emesis found in the oral/pharyngeal cavity 1

Clinical Context and Documentation

The presence of food material in emesis has important clinical implications:

  • Aspiration risk assessment: When food material is noted in emesis or found in the oral/pharyngeal cavity, it indicates increased risk for aspiration pneumonitis, particularly if associated with new cough, wheeze, increased respiratory effort, or radiographic changes 1

  • Gastric emptying assessment: The presence of solid food particles in emesis provides information about gastric emptying time, with complete stomach emptying of a light meal typically occurring by 240 minutes after ingestion 1

  • Timing considerations: Food particles may remain in gastric contents for 2-4 hours after a light meal, which is relevant for procedural sedation fasting guidelines 1

Related Terminology

  • "Bilious emesis" refers to vomitus containing bile (greenish-yellow fluid) 1
  • "Hematemesis" refers to vomiting blood
  • "Coffee-ground emesis" describes partially digested blood in vomitus
  • "Projectile emesis" describes forceful vomiting 1

There is no single Latin or Greek-derived medical term equivalent to "hematemesis" specifically for food-containing vomitus—the standard practice is descriptive documentation of the emesis content.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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