Differential Diagnosis for Female New Onset Alopecia
- Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Androgenetic alopecia (Female Pattern Hair Loss): This is the most common cause of hair loss in women, characterized by a gradual thinning of hair over the scalp, particularly on the top and crown areas. It is often associated with hormonal changes, genetics, and aging.
- Other Likely Diagnoses
- Telogen effluvium: A condition that causes excessive hair shedding due to stress, hormonal changes, or medical conditions. It typically presents with a sudden increase in hair loss, especially after shampooing.
- Alopecia areata: An autoimmune condition that leads to patchy hair loss, often on the scalp, but can also affect other areas of the body. It may be associated with other autoimmune diseases.
- Traction alopecia: Hair loss caused by constant pulling on the hair, such as from tight hairstyles like braids, ponytails, or cornrows.
- Iron deficiency: Iron deficiency anemia can lead to hair loss, and it is more common in women, especially those with heavy menstrual periods.
- Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Thyroid disorders (hypo- or hyperthyroidism): Both underactive and overactive thyroid glands can cause hair loss, among other symptoms. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term complications.
- Lupus: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can cause hair loss, along with other symptoms like skin rashes, joint pain, and kidney problems. It requires prompt diagnosis and treatment to manage the condition effectively.
- Syphilis: A sexually transmitted infection that can cause hair loss in its secondary stage, along with other symptoms like skin rashes and fever.
- Rare Diagnoses
- Lichen planopilaris: An inflammatory condition that leads to hair loss, often accompanied by itching, redness, and scalp tenderness.
- Frontal fibrosing alopecia: A condition characterized by hair loss and scarring on the scalp, particularly on the frontal area, often associated with inflammation.
- Loose anagen syndrome: A rare condition that causes excessive hair shedding due to a defect in the hair growth cycle, leading to easily pluckable hair.