From the Research
For a 16-year-old with dyslexia, I recommend seeking a comprehensive evaluation from an educational psychologist or neuropsychologist to confirm the diagnosis and identify specific learning challenges. Once diagnosed, implement accommodations such as extended time for tests, text-to-speech software, audiobooks, and specialized reading programs like Orton-Gillingham, Wilson Reading System, or Lindamood-Bell. No medications specifically treat dyslexia, as it's a learning difference, not a medical condition 1. Work with the school to develop an Individualized Education Program (IEP) or 504 plan to ensure appropriate support. Consider assistive technologies like speech recognition software, digital highlighters, and reading pens. Regular tutoring with a specialist trained in dyslexia interventions can significantly improve reading skills.
Key Considerations
- Dyslexia affects reading processing but not intelligence; many dyslexic individuals excel when given proper support 1.
- Early intervention, even at 16, can still substantially improve reading abilities and academic outcomes.
- The use of methylphenidate, as studied in 2, 3, 4, and 5, is not relevant to the treatment of dyslexia, as it is primarily used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which may co-occur with dyslexia but is a distinct condition.
Recommendations
- Encourage the teen to develop self-advocacy skills and focus on strengths while addressing challenges.
- Provide ongoing support and accommodations to help the teen succeed academically and personally.
- Regularly review and update the IEP or 504 plan to ensure it remains effective and relevant.