From the Guidelines

Nasal cavity papillomas are benign epithelial tumors that can cause symptoms such as nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and epistaxis.

They are rare neoplasms, making up a small percentage of head and neck carcinomas 1
Papillomas are benign lesions that can occur in the nasal cavity, and are one of the types of benign lesions that can cause symptoms such as nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and epistaxis 1
The symptoms of nasal cavity papilloma can be similar to those of other benign or malignant conditions, making diagnosis and evaluation with nasal endoscopy important 1

Treatment options for nasal cavity papilloma are not explicitly stated in the provided evidence, but it can be inferred that surgical removal or other interventions may be necessary to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications 1
Nasal endoscopy can be used to evaluate and diagnose nasal cavity papilloma, and to identify the source of bleeding in cases of epistaxis 1
The decision to proceed with treatment should be made on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the patient's symptoms, medical history, and other factors 1

From the Research

Nasal cavity papilloma, also known as inverted papilloma or Schneiderian papilloma, is a primarily benign lesion that occurs in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses 2, 3, 4, 5
It is a locally aggressive neoplasm that can cause destruction of surrounding tissues and has a tendency to recur 2, 4
In some cases, it can undergo malignant transformation into squamous cell carcinoma, which can occur at the initial diagnosis or after prior treatment 2, 4, 6
The likelihood of local recurrence varies from less than 5% to over 50%, depending on the extent of resection 4

Complete surgical removal is the therapy of choice for nasal cavity papilloma 2, 3, 4
The surgical approach can be either open or endoscopic, and the choice of approach depends on the extent and location of the tumor 3, 4
Postoperative radiotherapy may be considered for patients with incompletely resectable disease or those with malignant transformation 4
Definitive radiotherapy can be used to treat patients with incompletely resectable disease, with doses between 65 and 70 Gy 4

The presence of certain histological characteristics, such as a mitotic index greater than or equal to 2 per high-power field, severe hyperkeratosis, and absence of inflammatory polyps, can be associated with an increased risk of malignancy or multiple recurrences 6
The presence of bilateral inverted papilloma, a predominance of mature squamous epithelium, and an abundance of plasma cells can also be associated with an increased risk of malignancy 6
A ratio of neoplastic epithelium/connective tissue stroma greater than or equal to 6 and the presence of inflammatory polyps among the papillomas can be associated with benign behavior 6