Can a patient undergo a QuantiFERON Gold (Interferon-Gamma Release Assay) lab draw?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: December 18, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

QuantiFERON Gold Lab Draw Feasibility

Yes, virtually any patient can undergo a QuantiFERON Gold lab draw, as it requires only a single blood collection with no contraindications to phlebotomy itself. 1

Key Advantages Over Traditional Testing

  • Single visit requirement eliminates the need for patients to return for test reading (unlike TST which requires a 48-72 hour follow-up), making it particularly valuable for patients with poor follow-up compliance 1, 2

  • No boosting effect occurs with repeat testing, avoiding uncertainty in serial testing scenarios common in healthcare workers, correctional facilities, and homeless shelters 1

  • Greater specificity than tuberculin skin testing, with no false-positive reactions from BCG vaccination or most non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections 1, 3

Blood Collection Methods

  • Direct in-tube collection is the standard approved method, where blood is drawn directly into QuantiFERON collection tubes 4

  • Transfer from lithium heparin tubes is an alternative FDA-approved method that offers flexibility for customized protocols, though this method shows greater variability in results (85% agreement vs 91% for direct collection) 4

  • Adequate specimens can be obtained in approximately 96% of patients, demonstrating high technical feasibility 5

Practical Implementation Considerations

  • Laboratory coordination is essential before implementing QuantiFERON testing—ensure proper specimen handling, staff training, and CLIA compliance for quality systems 1

  • Specimen processing requirements are time-sensitive; blood must be incubated at 37°C within 16 hours of collection, requiring coordination between phlebotomy and laboratory 1

  • Simultaneous testing can be performed with other blood draws, including opt-out HIV testing during TB contact investigations, which has demonstrated 88% acceptance rates 5

Populations Where Testing Is Particularly Useful

  • Contact investigations benefit significantly from QuantiFERON's single-visit design, with test results available from a greater percentage of contacts compared to TST 1

  • BCG-vaccinated individuals from countries where TB is prevalent avoid false-positive results that complicate TST interpretation 1

  • Serial testing programs (healthcare workers, correctional facilities) eliminate the need for two-step baseline testing required with TST 1

Important Caveats

  • Indeterminate results occur in approximately 6% of cases, typically due to inadequate interferon-gamma response in the positive control tube 6

  • Sensitivity concerns exist in immunocompromised hosts and children under 5 years, where performance data remains limited and inconclusive 1, 2

  • No prospective data yet exists linking QuantiFERON results to subsequent TB disease development, unlike the established predictive value of TST 1, 2

  • Test remains positive after successful LTBI treatment, so repeat testing post-treatment is not recommended 7, 8

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

QuantiFERON-TB Gold assay for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection.

Expert review of molecular diagnostics, 2008

Research

QuantiFERON-TB Gold in the diagnosis of active tuberculosis.

The Journal of international medical research, 2008

Guideline

Treatment for Positive QuantiFERON TB Gold Test with Negative Chest X-ray

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Management of Liver Donor with Positive QuantiFERON-TB Gold and Normal Chest X-ray

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.