Are softer and lower hanging testicles a sign of testicular atrophy?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: December 19, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Softer and Lower Hanging Testicles Are NOT Signs of Testicular Atrophy

Your symptoms of feeling your testicles more easily in boxer shorts, along with them hanging lower and feeling softer, are normal anatomic variations related to temperature regulation and cremasteric muscle relaxation—not testicular atrophy. True testicular atrophy involves actual shrinkage in testicular volume (>50% reduction compared to baseline or the other testis), not changes in position or consistency 1.

What You're Actually Experiencing

Your testicles naturally change position and firmness throughout the day due to:

  • Temperature regulation: The scrotum relaxes in warm environments, causing testicles to hang lower and feel softer 2
  • Cremasteric reflex variation: This muscle reflex pulls testicles up when cold or stimulated, and relaxes when warm, making them hang lower 3, 2
  • Normal scrotal laxity: The scrotal skin and dartos muscle naturally relax, making testicles more palpable and lower-hanging 2

These are completely normal physiologic responses, not pathology.

What True Testicular Atrophy Actually Looks Like

Testicular atrophy is a measurable reduction in testicular volume, not subjective changes in position or consistency. Real atrophy involves 1:

  • Objective size reduction: >50% volume decrease compared to the contralateral testis or previous measurements 1
  • Firm, small testicles: Atrophic testes become smaller and often firmer, not softer 3
  • Specific underlying causes: Ischemia from torsion, trauma, hormonal therapy, surgical complications, or congenital conditions 4, 5, 6, 7, 1

Causes of Actual Testicular Atrophy (None Apply to Your Situation)

True atrophy occurs from 4, 5, 6, 7, 1:

  • Testicular torsion: Ischemic damage from twisted spermatic cord, with 54% developing atrophy even after surgical salvage 1
  • Scrotal trauma: Blunt injury causing vascular compromise, with 50% developing atrophy 6
  • Surgical complications: Inguinal hernia repair or orchiopexy damaging cord vasculature 4, 5
  • Hormonal therapy: Estrogen treatment in prostate cancer or gender transition causing marked reduction in spermatogenesis 7
  • Cryptorchidism: Undescended testes with progressive germ cell loss after 15-18 months 3, 8

When to Actually Worry

Seek medical evaluation if you develop 3, 1:

  • Sudden severe testicular pain: Suggests torsion (surgical emergency) 1
  • Measurable size difference: One testis noticeably smaller than the other when comparing side-by-side 1
  • History of trauma: Recent scrotal injury with persistent pain or swelling 6
  • Firm, hard masses: Any palpable lumps or nodules 3
  • Hormonal symptoms: Loss of libido, erectile dysfunction, gynecomastia suggesting hypogonadism 3

What You Should Do

Nothing. Your symptoms represent normal anatomic variation. However 2:

  • Self-examination: Perform monthly testicular self-exams to establish your baseline and detect any actual changes in size or consistency 3
  • Compare side-to-side: Both testicles should be roughly similar in size (slight asymmetry is normal) 1
  • Monitor for real changes: If you notice progressive, measurable shrinkage over weeks to months, then seek evaluation 1

Common Pitfall to Avoid

Do not confuse normal positional and consistency changes with pathologic atrophy. The cremasteric reflex causes significant variation in testicular position throughout the day, and this is completely normal 3, 2. Softer consistency when relaxed and hanging lower is expected physiology, not disease.

References

Research

Factors Predicting Testicular Atrophy after Testicular Salvage following Torsion.

European journal of pediatric surgery : official journal of Austrian Association of Pediatric Surgery ... [et al] = Zeitschrift fur Kinderchirurgie, 2016

Guideline

Acquired Cryptorchidism in Children

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Primary and secondary testicular atrophy.

European journal of pediatrics, 1987

Research

Scrotal trauma: a cause of testicular atrophy.

Clinical radiology, 1999

Guideline

Management of Undescended Testis

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.