What is the most likely benign etiology of numerous enhancing lesions throughout a normal-sized spleen, suspected to be related to multiple splenic hemangiomas (hemangiomas are benign tumors composed of blood vessels)?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: April 8, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

From the Research

The next imaging step for these rare ovoid splenic lesions should be an MRI with a spleen lesion protocol, as it offers superior soft tissue contrast and can better differentiate between benign hemangiomas and other potential etiologies. The multiple enhancing lesions throughout the spleen, which is normal in size, most likely represent splenic hemangiomas, the most common benign splenic lesion, as discussed in 1. However, since these findings are nonspecific and cannot be compared to prior imaging, further characterization is necessary.

Key Considerations

  • MRI protocol should include T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and dynamic contrast-enhanced sequences to evaluate the enhancement pattern of these lesions.
  • Hemangiomas typically show peripheral nodular enhancement with progressive centripetal fill-in on delayed images, as noted in 2.
  • The addition of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to conventional MRI can improve the differentiation of malignant from benign splenic lesions, as shown in 3.
  • Most splenic hemangiomas are asymptomatic and require no treatment unless they are large or causing symptoms, as reported in 4.
  • Recent studies, such as 5, highlight the importance of accurate characterization of splenic lesions to determine the risks and benefits of elective splenectomy.

Recommendations

  • Perform an MRI with a spleen lesion protocol to further characterize the lesions.
  • Include T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and dynamic contrast-enhanced sequences in the MRI protocol.
  • Consider adding DWI to the MRI protocol to improve the differentiation of malignant from benign lesions.
  • Avoid unnecessary interventions, as most splenic hemangiomas are asymptomatic and require no treatment unless they are large or causing symptoms.

References

Research

Hemangioma of the spleen: presentation, diagnosis, and management.

Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, 2000

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.