What does an elevated LDH level indicate?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: December 22, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

What Does an LDH Level of 398 Indicate?

An LDH level of 398 U/L (assuming normal range approximately 313-618 U/L) is within or just slightly above the normal range and is generally not clinically significant on its own, but requires clinical context to interpret properly.

Interpretation of This Specific Value

  • Your LDH of 398 falls within the typical normal range (313-618 U/L), representing less than 1.5 times the upper limit of normal 1
  • Mild LDH elevations (<5× upper limit normal) are most commonly associated with benign causes 1
  • This level does not warrant aggressive investigation for malignancy unless accompanied by other clinical findings 2

Clinical Context Matters

The diagnostic value of LDH depends entirely on your clinical presentation and should be interpreted alongside other findings 1. This level could represent:

Benign Causes (Most Likely)

  • Strenuous exercise can temporarily elevate LDH due to muscle damage 1
  • Hemolysis of the blood sample itself can falsely elevate LDH 1
  • Liver disease, kidney disease, or recent infections 1
  • Myocardial conditions or muscle injury 1

When to Investigate Further

You should pursue additional workup if you have:

  • Known or suspected malignancy - LDH serves as a prognostic marker in testicular cancer, osteosarcoma, melanoma, and lymphomas 1, 2
  • Unexplained symptoms such as weight loss, night sweats, or lymphadenopathy 3
  • Other abnormal laboratory values accompanying the LDH elevation 2
  • Progressive elevation on serial measurements 2

Prognostic Significance in Specific Cancers

If you have a known malignancy, this near-normal LDH is generally favorable:

  • In testicular cancer, good prognosis requires LDH <2.5× upper limit of normal 1
  • In osteosarcoma, elevated LDH (significantly above normal) correlates with metastatic disease and 5-year survival of 39.5% versus 60% for normal values 3, 1
  • In lymphoma, rising LDH may indicate transformation, particularly if a single site grows disproportionately or new B symptoms develop 3

Recommended Approach

Do not pursue extensive investigation based solely on this LDH level 2. Instead:

  • Repeat the test if hemolysis is suspected (sample handling issue) 1
  • Correlate with your clinical symptoms and other laboratory findings 1
  • If you have no symptoms and no other abnormalities, this level requires no further action 2
  • If you have concerning symptoms, pursue targeted investigation based on those specific findings rather than the LDH alone 2

Key Pitfall to Avoid

Never treat or extensively investigate based on LDH elevation alone without identifying an underlying cause 2. Very high LDH (>10× normal, or >6000 U/L) carries prognostic significance with mortality rates exceeding 50%, but your level of 398 does not approach this threshold 4, 5.

References

Guideline

Clinical Significance of Elevated Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Management of Elevated Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH)

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.