Why does Shingrix (zoster vaccine) need to be refrigerated?

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Last updated: December 22, 2025View editorial policy

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Why Shingrix Requires Refrigeration

Shingrix must be refrigerated because it is a lyophilized (freeze-dried) vaccine that requires cold storage to maintain potency, and once reconstituted, it must be stored between 2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F) and used within 6 hours to prevent loss of vaccine effectiveness. 1

Storage Requirements for Unreconstituted Shingrix

The evidence provided does not specify the exact storage temperature for unreconstituted Shingrix components, but the FDA label clearly states that after reconstitution, the vaccine must be either administered immediately or refrigerated. 1 This refrigeration requirement exists because:

  • Biological vaccines are temperature-sensitive products that lose potency when exposed to temperatures outside recommended ranges, which can reduce protection against vaccine-preventable diseases. 2

  • The cold chain must be maintained to ensure vaccine effectiveness from manufacturer to administration, typically requiring storage between 2°C and 8°C for most vaccines. 3

Post-Reconstitution Storage: Critical Time Window

Once reconstituted, Shingrix has a strict 6-hour window during which it must be used or discarded. 1 During this period:

  • The vaccine must be stored refrigerated between 2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F) if not administered immediately. 1

  • Any reconstituted vaccine not used within 6 hours must be discarded, as potency cannot be guaranteed beyond this timeframe. 1

Key Distinction from Live Vaccines

It's important to note that Shingrix is fundamentally different from live attenuated zoster vaccines (like Zostavax):

  • Live varicella-containing vaccines require frozen storage at temperatures below -15°C to maintain viability. 2

  • Shingrix is a recombinant subunit vaccine (not live virus), which has different stability characteristics and storage requirements. 4, 5

  • The recombinant nature makes it safe for immunocompromised individuals, unlike live vaccines. 4, 5

Clinical Implications and Common Pitfalls

Critical practice points to avoid vaccine wastage:

  • Reconstitute only when ready to administer, as the 6-hour window is non-negotiable. 1

  • Monitor refrigerator temperatures carefully, as exposure to improper temperatures can irreversibly reduce vaccine potency. 2

  • Do not freeze reconstituted vaccine, as freezing can damage the adjuvant system and antigen components. 2

  • Use only the supplied AS01B adjuvant suspension component for reconstitution—no substitutions are permitted. 1

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

The medicines refrigerator and the importance of the cold chain in the safe storage of medicines.

Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987), 2017

Research

Herpes Zoster Vaccines.

The Journal of infectious diseases, 2021

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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