What are the effects of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa)?

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Last updated: April 8, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Kratom should be discontinued due to its opioid- and stimulant-like properties, potential for withdrawal syndrome, and risk of neurologic effects, including seizures, as recommended by the Society for Perioperative Assessment and Quality Improvement (SPAQI) consensus statement 1. The use of kratom is associated with several risks, including dependence, withdrawal symptoms, and potentially dangerous interactions with other substances. According to the SPAQI consensus statement 1, kratom has opioid- and stimulant-like properties, and chronic use may lead to neurologic effects, including seizures. Additionally, the FDA warns against the use of kratom 1. Some of the key considerations for kratom use include:

  • Opioid- and stimulant-like properties
  • Potential for withdrawal syndrome if taking more than 5 to 15 g per day
  • Risk of neurologic effects, including seizures
  • FDA warnings against use It is essential to prioritize safer, regulated alternatives for medical use, and individuals considering kratom use should consult with a healthcare provider first 1.

From the Research

Kratom Overview

  • Kratom is a substance that produces an opioid-like effect when ingested, with increasing reports of addiction, dependence, and adverse events associated with its use 2, 3, 4.
  • Kratom has been used for medical purposes, including the treatment of alcohol and substance use disorders, and has shown potential for similar clinical applications 3, 5.

Kratom Dependence and Treatment

  • Buprenorphine/naloxone has been used to treat kratom dependence, with case studies demonstrating its effectiveness in managing withdrawal symptoms and reducing kratom use 2, 6.
  • Polysubstance use with kratom dependence may require higher levels of care and higher doses of buprenorphine/naloxone 2.
  • Urine drug screens may be useful for monitoring kratom alkaloids concentrations during treatment 2.

Kratom's Potential Benefits and Risks

  • Kratom may have therapeutic potential in some individuals, particularly as a reduced-harm alternative to opiates and as a withdrawal treatment 3, 5, 4.
  • However, kratom use is also associated with risks, including tolerance development, addictive potential, and adverse effects, particularly among polysubstance users 3, 4.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the effects and potential clinical utility of kratom, including its safety and efficacy for various conditions 2, 3, 5, 4.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Beneficial and adverse health effects of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): A critical review of the literature.

Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 2024

Research

Pharmacotherapy for Management of 'Kratom Use Disorder': A Systematic Literature Review With Survey of Experts.

WMJ : official publication of the State Medical Society of Wisconsin, 2021

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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