What is the appropriate phrase to document a normal cervix on a Pap (Papanicolau) test?

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Appropriate Documentation of Normal Cervix on Pap Test

The appropriate phrase to document a normal cervix on a Pap test is "Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy" (NILM), which is the standardized terminology established by the Bethesda 2001 reporting system. 1

Standardized Bethesda Terminology

The Bethesda 2001 system requires laboratories to report cytopathology findings using specific standardized terminology, and NILM is the designated phrase for normal results. 1

  • NILM explicitly indicates: No cellular evidence of neoplasia is present, regardless of whether other non-neoplastic findings exist (such as inflammation, reactive changes, or organisms). 1
  • This terminology must be stated in the Interpretation/Result section of the Pap test report. 1

Complete Documentation Requirements

Beyond the NILM interpretation, proper documentation should include:

  • Specimen adequacy: Document whether the specimen is "satisfactory for evaluation" and specifically note the presence or absence of endocervical/transformation zone component. 1
  • Specimen type: Indicate whether conventional smear (Pap smear), liquid-based cytology, or other collection method was used. 1
  • Quality indicators: Note any factors that may affect interpretation, such as partially obscuring blood or inflammation. 1

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

  • Do not use vague terminology such as "normal cervix" or "benign findings" - these are not standardized Bethesda terms and may cause confusion in medical records and follow-up protocols. 1
  • Do not confuse pelvic examination findings with Pap test results: Many patients erroneously believe a pelvic examination equals a Pap test, so documentation must clearly specify that cytology sampling was performed. 1
  • Ensure CLIA-certified laboratory reporting: All cytopathology must be reported using Bethesda 2001 terminology by CLIA-certified laboratories to maintain quality standards. 1

Optional Non-Neoplastic Findings

When NILM is documented, the report may optionally include non-neoplastic findings such as:

  • Reactive cellular changes associated with inflammation, radiation, or IUD 1
  • Glandular cell status post-hysterectomy 1
  • Atrophy 1
  • Organisms (bacterial vaginosis, Candida, Trichomonas) 1

These additional findings do not change the NILM interpretation but provide clinically relevant information for patient management. 1

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

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This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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