What is B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) used for?

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From the Guidelines

BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) is primarily used as a diagnostic blood test to help detect and evaluate heart failure, particularly in ambulatory patients with dyspnea, as it supports clinical decision making regarding the diagnosis of heart failure, especially in the setting of clinical uncertainty 1.

Key Uses of BNP

  • Diagnosing heart failure in patients with symptoms like shortness of breath, fatigue, or swelling
  • Evaluating the severity of heart failure
  • Monitoring the effectiveness of heart failure therapies over time
  • Guiding treatment decisions in emergency settings

Clinical Decision Making

BNP testing is useful for establishing prognosis or disease severity in chronic heart failure, with measurement of BNP or NT-proBNP being recommended to support clinical decision making regarding the diagnosis of heart failure 1.

Comparison with Other Biomarkers

While B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) have excellent ability to exclude the diagnosis of acute heart failure at their respective lower cut-off thresholds, their sensitivity is only modest for the diagnosis of acute heart failure at thresholds above this lower cut-off 1.

Limitations and Considerations

The pretest probability is important, and the result must be interpreted in the clinical context, taking into account the patient's symptoms, medical history, and other diagnostic test results 1.

Monitoring and Treatment

BNP testing can be used to monitor patients with established heart failure, assessing their response to medications and overall disease progression, although the frequency of natriuretic peptide testing and the utility of natriuretic peptide testing in monitoring patients with heart failure remain to be determined 1.

From the Research

Gebruik van BNP

BNP (Brain Natriuretic Peptide) wordt gebruikt voor verschillende doeleinden in de diagnose en behandeling van hartfalen. Hieronder volgen enkele van de belangrijkste toepassingen:

  • Diagnose van hartfalen: BNP-gehaltes kunnen worden gebruikt om hartfalen te diagnosticeren, met name bij patiënten met dyspneu (moeite met ademhalen) 2, 3, 4.
  • Uitsluiting van hartfalen: Een lage BNP-spiegel kan hartfalen uitsluiten, waardoor het een waardevol hulpmiddel is in de spoedafdeling 2, 3.
  • Monitoring van hartfalen: BNP-gehaltes kunnen worden gebruikt om de effectiviteit van de behandeling van hartfalen te monitoren en om te bepalen of een patiënt veilig kan worden ontslagen uit het ziekenhuis 3, 4.
  • Voorspelling van uitkomsten: BNP-gehaltes kunnen worden gebruikt om het risico op overlijden en cardiovasculaire gebeurtenissen bij patiënten met hartfalen te voorspellen 2, 3.
  • Gids voor behandeling: BNP-gehaltes kunnen worden gebruikt als gids voor de behandeling van hartfalen, met name bij patiënten met systolisch hartfalen 5.

Beperkingen van BNP

Er zijn enkele beperkingen aan het gebruik van BNP:

  • BNP-gehaltes kunnen worden beïnvloed door andere factoren, zoals nier- en longziekten 2, 3.
  • BNP-gehaltes kunnen niet worden gebruikt om systolisch en diastolisch hartfalen te onderscheiden 3.
  • BNP-gehaltes kunnen variëren afhankelijk van de gebruikte test en de populatie die wordt getest 6.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

The role of BNP testing in heart failure.

American family physician, 2006

Research

Clinical uses of brain natriuretic peptide in diagnosing and managing heart failure.

Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners, 2008

Research

The role of b-type natriuretic peptide in heart failure management.

Australian critical care : official journal of the Confederation of Australian Critical Care Nurses, 2009

Research

BNP in hormone-guided treatment of heart failure.

Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM, 2002

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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