From the Guidelines
Hypertension is classified into four categories: normal (<120/80 mmHg), elevated (120-129/80 mmHg), stage 1 hypertension (130-139/80-89 mmHg), and stage 2 hypertension (≥140/≥90 mmHg) as per the ACC/AHA guidelines 1. The classification of hypertension is based on blood pressure readings, which should be confirmed by two or more readings made on at least two separate occasions 1. Some key points to consider when classifying hypertension include:
- Normal blood pressure: less than 120/80 mmHg 1
- Elevated blood pressure: 120-129 mmHg systolic with diastolic less than 80 mmHg 1
- Stage 1 hypertension: systolic pressure between 130-139 mmHg or diastolic pressure between 80-89 mmHg 1
- Stage 2 hypertension: systolic pressure of 140 mmHg or higher or diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher 1 It is essential to note that out-of-office blood pressure readings, such as home or ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, should also be obtained for comparison with office blood pressure readings 1. Individuals are classified according to their highest systolic or diastolic blood pressure category 1. The blood pressure category of pre-hypertension is no longer used in the ACC/AHA guidelines 1. Regular monitoring and appropriate treatment strategies are crucial in managing hypertension, as it can lead to serious complications like heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage if left untreated.
From the Research
Hypertension Classification Ranges
The classification of hypertension is based on blood pressure levels, and several studies have discussed the different ranges for hypertension classification.
- Normal blood pressure is typically considered to be below 120/80 mmHg 2
- Elevated blood pressure is considered to be between 120-129/80 mmHg 3
- Stage 1 hypertension is considered to be between 130-139/80-89 mmHg 3
- Stage 2 hypertension is considered to be 140 or higher/90 or higher mmHg 3
Blood Pressure Targets
The target blood pressure levels for patients with hypertension vary depending on the presence of other health conditions.
- For patients with uncomplicated hypertension, the target blood pressure is typically less than 140/90 mmHg 3
- For patients with diabetes mellitus or renal disease, the target blood pressure is typically less than 130/80 mmHg 3
Classification Systems
There are different classification systems for hypertension, including the World Health Organization (WHO) system and systems based on blood pressure level alone.