Differential Diagnosis for Bleeding from Umbilicus in a 3-Day-Old Infant
Single Most Likely Diagnosis
- Umbilical stump bleeding: This is the most common cause of bleeding from the umbilicus in a newborn, often due to the umbilical stump not drying out properly or being infected.
Other Likely Diagnoses
- Umbilical granuloma: A small growth of tissue that can bleed, often treated with silver nitrate.
- Omphalitis: Infection of the umbilical stump, which can cause bleeding, redness, and discharge.
- Umbilical hernia with bleeding: Although less common, an umbilical hernia can cause bleeding if it becomes incarcerated or strangulated.
Do Not Miss Diagnoses
- Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB): A life-threatening condition that can cause bleeding from any site, including the umbilicus, due to a lack of vitamin K, which is essential for blood clotting.
- Bleeding disorders (e.g., hemophilia): Although rare, these conditions can cause significant bleeding from minor trauma or spontaneously.
Rare Diagnoses
- Umbilical artery or vein bleeding: Bleeding from the umbilical artery or vein, which can be life-threatening and requires immediate medical attention.
- Congenital anomalies (e.g., patent urachus): Rare conditions where there is an abnormal connection between the bladder and the umbilicus, which can cause bleeding or discharge.