What is the relationship between creatine supplementation and hypertension (high blood pressure)?

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Last updated: April 10, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Creatine supplementation is generally safe for most people and does not typically cause high blood pressure in healthy individuals. If you have pre-existing hypertension or cardiovascular concerns, consult your healthcare provider before starting creatine. The standard dosage is 3-5 grams daily, which can be taken at any time with water. Creatine monohydrate is the most researched and cost-effective form. When you begin supplementation, your body may retain some water, which could cause a temporary, slight increase in blood pressure in sensitive individuals. This water retention is normal and usually stabilizes after the loading phase. Creatine works by increasing phosphocreatine stores in muscles, providing quick energy for high-intensity activities. It's essential to stay well-hydrated when taking creatine and monitor your blood pressure if you have concerns. If you experience persistent headaches, dizziness, or other symptoms of high blood pressure after starting creatine, discontinue use and consult your doctor.

Key Considerations

  • The relationship between creatine supplementation and high blood pressure is not well-established, but it is generally considered safe for healthy individuals 1.
  • Patients with pre-existing hypertension or cardiovascular concerns should consult their healthcare provider before starting creatine supplementation.
  • The standard dosage of creatine is 3-5 grams daily, and it is essential to stay well-hydrated when taking creatine.
  • Creatine monohydrate is the most researched and cost-effective form of creatine supplementation.

Monitoring and Precautions

  • Monitor your blood pressure regularly if you have concerns about high blood pressure.
  • Discontinue creatine supplementation if you experience persistent headaches, dizziness, or other symptoms of high blood pressure.
  • Consult your healthcare provider before starting creatine supplementation if you have pre-existing hypertension or cardiovascular concerns.

Additional Recommendations

  • Follow the standard dosage of 3-5 grams daily, and stay well-hydrated when taking creatine.
  • Choose creatine monohydrate as the most researched and cost-effective form of creatine supplementation.
  • Be aware of the potential for temporary water retention, which may cause a slight increase in blood pressure in sensitive individuals.

From the Research

Creatine and High Blood Pressure

  • There is limited direct evidence on the relationship between creatine supplementation and high blood pressure 2, 3, 4.
  • A study from 2007 found no adverse changes in blood pressure in healthy individuals taking creatine supplementation for 7 days 4.
  • Another study from 2013 reported that creatine is a relatively safe supplement with few adverse effects, but did not specifically address its relationship with high blood pressure 2.
  • More recent studies have focused on the potential benefits of creatine supplementation for heart health, including its role in energy metabolism and potential to prevent cardiac toxicity 5, 6.
  • However, these studies do not provide direct evidence on the relationship between creatine supplementation and high blood pressure.

Safety and Potential Side Effects

  • Creatine supplementation is generally considered safe and well-tolerated in healthy individuals 2, 3.
  • Common adverse effects include transient water retention and gastrointestinal symptoms 2.
  • High doses or long-term supplementation may be associated with liver and renal complications, but the evidence is limited 2.
  • More research is needed to fully understand the potential side effects of creatine supplementation and its relationship with high blood pressure 2, 3.

Potential Benefits for Heart Health

  • Creatine supplementation may have benefits for heart health, including increasing creatine content in the heart and improving energy metabolism 5.
  • It may also have potential benefits for preventing cardiac toxicity and promoting vascular health 5, 6.
  • However, more research is needed to fully understand the relationship between creatine supplementation and heart health, including its potential effects on high blood pressure 5, 6.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Creatine supplementation.

Current sports medicine reports, 2013

Research

Creatine Supplementation: An Update.

Current sports medicine reports, 2021

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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