Differential Diagnosis for Jaw Pain
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Disorder: This is the most common cause of jaw pain, often related to muscle tension, jaw alignment, or teeth grinding.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Bruxism: Characterized by teeth grinding or clenching, which can lead to jaw pain and discomfort.
- Dental Problems (e.g., tooth abscess, impacted tooth): Issues such as cavities, abscesses, or impacted teeth can cause significant jaw pain.
- Sinusitis: Inflammation of the sinuses can radiate pain to the jaw area.
- Tension Headache: Muscle tension in the face and neck can lead to jaw pain.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma: Although rare, this condition can cause severe eye pain that may radiate to the jaw and is an emergency.
- Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack): In some cases, cardiac issues can manifest as jaw pain, making it crucial not to overlook this possibility.
- Trigeminal Neuralgia: A chronic pain condition that affects the trigeminal nerve, causing intense shock-like or stabbing pain in parts of the face, including the jaw.
- Rare diagnoses
- Eagle Syndrome: A rare condition where an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament causes pain in the jaw and face.
- Sphenoid Sinusitis: Infection or inflammation of the sphenoid sinus, which is located near the base of the skull and can cause deep jaw pain.
- Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A condition characterized by the death of jawbone tissue, often associated with bisphosphonate use or radiation therapy.