A 42-year-old woman with a history of mastitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus presents with worsening left breast swelling and pain, obesity, and signs of inflammation?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: April 10, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for Breast Swelling and Pain

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Inflammatory breast cancer: This is the most likely diagnosis given the patient's symptoms of diffuse breast warmth, erythema, and thickened skin dimpling, which are characteristic of inflammatory breast cancer. The patient's recent history of mastitis and subsequent worsening of symptoms despite antibiotic treatment also raises suspicion for an underlying malignancy.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Recurrent mastitis: The patient's history of mastitis and recent completion of antibiotics suggests that the infection may not have been fully eradicated, leading to recurrent symptoms.
    • Breast abscess: The patient's symptoms of breast swelling, pain, and erythema could be indicative of a breast abscess, which may have developed as a complication of mastitis.
    • Fat necrosis: The patient's history of breastfeeding and subsequent cessation could lead to fat necrosis, which can cause breast swelling, pain, and skin changes.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Necrotizing fasciitis: Although rare, necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening condition that can present with similar symptoms to mastitis or breast abscess, and prompt recognition and treatment are crucial to prevent mortality.
    • Metastatic infection (e.g., endocarditis): In rare cases, bacterial infections such as endocarditis can metastasize to the breast, causing symptoms similar to mastitis or abscess.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Granulomatous mastitis: A rare inflammatory condition that can cause breast swelling, pain, and skin changes, often associated with granulomatous inflammation on histopathology.
    • Breast lymphoma: A rare malignancy that can present with breast swelling, pain, and skin changes, often associated with systemic symptoms such as fever and weight loss.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.