What is the diagnosis for a patient who slept with a yellow circular aphthous ulcer and woke up with a C-shaped white lesion?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: April 10, 2025View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Differential Diagnosis for Oral Lesion

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) infection: The initial description of a yellow circular canker sore and the subsequent appearance of a C-shaped white sore could be indicative of an HSV infection, which often presents with vesicular lesions that can rupture and form a crust, appearing white.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Aphthous Ulcer (Canker Sore): The initial yellow circular lesion could be an aphthous ulcer, which is a common, benign condition. The C-shaped white sore might represent a healing stage or a secondary infection.
    • Traumatic Ulcer: If the patient slept in an unusual position or had an object in their mouth, a traumatic ulcer could have formed, potentially appearing as a white sore after waking.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Oral Cancer: Although less likely, any new or changing oral lesion warrants consideration of oral cancer, especially if the patient has risk factors such as tobacco use or a history of radiation therapy.
    • Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (Trench Mouth): This condition can present with painful ulcers and could potentially be life-threatening if not treated promptly due to the risk of sepsis.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Erythema Multiforme: A rare skin condition that can affect the mucous membranes, including the mouth, and might present with target-like lesions or ulcers.
    • Behçet's Disease: A form of vasculitis that can cause oral ulcers, among other symptoms, though it is relatively rare and would typically be accompanied by other systemic symptoms.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.