Differential Diagnosis for Newborn Head Injury
- Single most likely diagnosis
- A) Caput succedaneum: This is the most likely diagnosis due to the presence of prominent molding of the head and a boggy area of swelling that extends across the sagittal suture. Caput succedaneum is a common condition in newborns, especially after a prolonged second stage of labor and instrumental delivery, which can cause swelling of the scalp.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- B) Cephalhematoma: This is another possible diagnosis, characterized by a collection of blood between the skull and its periosteum, often caused by birth trauma. However, cephalhematoma typically does not cross suture lines, which makes caput succedaneum more likely in this case.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- E) Subdural hematoma: Although less likely, subdural hematoma is a serious condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. It can occur due to birth trauma, especially with instrumental delivery, and may present with nonspecific symptoms, making it a "do not miss" diagnosis.
- D) Intracerebral hematoma: Similar to subdural hematoma, intracerebral hematoma is a serious condition that can result from birth trauma and requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.
- Rare diagnoses
- C) Epidural hematoma: This is a rare condition in newborns, often associated with significant birth trauma or other underlying conditions. While it is a serious diagnosis, it is less likely in this scenario compared to other options.