What are the effects of Ginseng (Panax ginseng)?

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Last updated: April 11, 2025View editorial policy

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From the Guidelines

Ginseng should be used at a dose of 1,000-3,000 mg per day, with a duration of at least 8 weeks, to improve fatigue in patients with cancer, as evidenced by the most recent and highest quality study 1.

Key Points

  • The optimal dosage of ginseng for fatigue management is between 1,000-3,000 mg per day, with higher doses leading to significant improvements in fatigue severity 1.
  • The duration of ginseng treatment should be at least 8 weeks, as shorter interventions have not shown significant improvements in fatigue 1.
  • Ginseng may interact with blood thinners, diabetes medications, and stimulants, so consultation with a healthcare provider is recommended before use, especially in patients with existing health conditions or taking medications 1.

Forms and Standardization

  • Ginseng is available in various forms, including capsules, powders, teas, and whole root.
  • When purchasing ginseng products, look for standardization to ginsenoside content for consistent potency.

Mechanism of Action

  • Ginseng works by modulating stress hormones, improving blood flow, and providing antioxidant effects.

Side Effects and Interactions

  • Side effects of ginseng are generally mild but can include insomnia, headaches, and digestive upset.
  • Ginseng may increase the risk of bleeding when combined with anticoagulant medications, and may also interact with diabetes medications and stimulants.

From the Research

Types of Ginseng

  • There are three major types of ginseng, with Asian ginseng being more potent than American ginseng 2
  • Most supplements come from American and Asian types of ginseng, and purchases should be made from reputable sources due to the lack of standardization in the production of herbal supplements 2

Effects on Health

  • Ginseng has been shown to have a vasodilating effect, which may modulate vascular function 3
  • American ginseng has been found to lower radial augmentation index and systolic blood pressure in individuals with type 2 diabetes and concomitant hypertension 3
  • Panax ginseng has been found to reduce levels of glucose and insulin, body fat, blood pressure, and cholesterol in individuals with metabolic diseases 4

Safety and Efficacy

  • The safety of ginseng at recommended dosages is considered to be low-risk, but there are concerns about the lack of standardization in the production of herbal supplements 2, 5
  • Recent advances in the development of standardized extracts have assisted in the assessment of efficacy and safety standards for ginseng products 5
  • A systematic review and meta-analysis found that Panax ginseng supplementation may act as an adjuvant to prevent the development of metabolic diseases by improving markers related to blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids 4

Combined Effects with Other Ginseng Species

  • The combination of Korean Red ginseng and American ginseng has been shown to improve glucemic control and blood pressure in individuals with type 2 diabetes and hypertension 6
  • Co-administration of these ginseng species has been found to reduce central systolic blood pressure and improve pulse wave velocity in individuals with diabetes 6

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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