From the Research
Yes, a cholesteatoma can cause vertigo, as it can erode surrounding structures, including the inner ear and vestibular system, leading to a sensation of spinning or dizziness. A cholesteatoma is an abnormal skin growth in the middle ear that can expand and damage these structures, resulting in vertigo, as well as other symptoms such as hearing loss, ear drainage, ear pain, and sometimes facial weakness 1. The most recent and highest quality study, published in 2022, found that cholesteatoma can cause vertigo, and that surgical removal of the cholesteatoma is an effective treatment option 2.
Causes of Vertigo in Cholesteatoma
The vertigo caused by a cholesteatoma can be attributed to the pressure it creates on the semicircular canals or damage to the vestibular nerve, which are responsible for balance and equilibrium. Other factors, such as the size and location of the cholesteatoma, can also contribute to the development of vertigo.
Treatment Options
Treatment typically requires surgical removal of the cholesteatoma to prevent further damage, and the surgery, called a mastoidectomy or tympanomastoidectomy, removes the growth and repairs damaged structures when possible 3, 4. The choice of surgical technique, such as canal wall up or canal wall down tympanomastoidectomy, depends on the extent of the disease and the condition of the middle ear and mastoid.
Importance of Prompt Treatment
If you're experiencing vertigo along with ear drainage or hearing loss, it's essential to see an otolaryngologist (ENT doctor) promptly, as untreated cholesteatomas can lead to serious complications, including permanent hearing loss, brain abscess, or meningitis 5. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent these complications and improve outcomes.
Key Points to Consider
- Cholesteatoma can cause vertigo by damaging the inner ear and vestibular system
- Surgical removal of the cholesteatoma is an effective treatment option
- Prompt treatment is essential to prevent serious complications
- The choice of surgical technique depends on the extent of the disease and the condition of the middle ear and mastoid.