What is the most likely mechanism of a 3-month-old girl's femoral fracture, given her presentation of incessant crying, edema of the left thigh, and radiographic findings of multiple small bones within the sutures and decreased density of the long bones?

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Differential Diagnosis

  • Single most likely diagnosis:
    • D) Abnormal synthesis of type I collagen: This is the most likely diagnosis, given the patient's presentation with a femoral fracture, multiple small bones within the sutures on skull x-ray, and decreased density of the long bones. These findings are consistent with Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI), a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal synthesis of type I collagen, leading to fragile bones and increased risk of fractures.
  • Other Likely diagnoses:
    • E) Nonaccidental trauma: Although the patient's injuries could be consistent with nonaccidental trauma, the presence of multiple small bones within the sutures on skull x-ray and decreased density of the long bones suggests an underlying bone disorder.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.):
    • E) Nonaccidental trauma: It is crucial to consider nonaccidental trauma in any case of unexplained injury in a child, as it can have severe consequences if missed.
  • Rare diagnoses:
    • A) Abnormal hydroxylation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D: This condition, known as Rickets, can cause bone softening and increased risk of fractures. However, the presence of multiple small bones within the sutures on skull x-ray is not typical of Rickets.
    • B) Abnormal synthesis of elastin: This condition is associated with Cutis Laxa and Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis, but it does not typically present with the bone findings seen in this patient.
    • C) Abnormal synthesis of fibrillin-1: This condition is associated with Marfan Syndrome, which can cause bone abnormalities, but the presentation is usually different from what is seen in this patient.

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This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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