What is the diagnosis and treatment for a 35-year-old male farmer from a rural area in Bangladesh with fever, headache, and cough, who has a history of exposure to bats and pigs, consumed raw date palm sap, and has close contact with family members with similar symptoms?

A 35-year-old male farmer from a rural area in Bangladesh presented to the hospital with symptoms of fever, headache, and cough. He reported a history of exposure to bats and pigs on his farm and had recently consumed raw date palm sap, which is a common practice in his community. The patient's medical history was unremarkable, but he had a history of close contact with family members who had recently fallen ill with similar symptoms. Given the clinical presentation and exposure history, Nipah virus was suspected, and laboratory tests were conducted to confirm the diagnosis. The patient was immediately isolated, and supportive treatment was initiated, including oxygen therapy, antipyretics, and hydration. The patient was also started on ribavirin, an antiviral medication that has shown some benefit in treating Nipah virus, at a dose of 30 mg/kg/day for 7 days. As the patient's condition worsened, he was transferred to the intensive care unit for close monitoring and management of potential complications, such as respiratory failure and seizures. Second-line interventions, including corticosteroids and other supportive measures, were considered to manage the patient's symptoms and prevent long-term sequelae. Due to the high risk of transmission, strict infection control measures were implemented to protect healthcare workers and prevent further spread of the disease.