From the FDA Drug Label
The FDA drug label does not answer the question.
From the Research
Tranexamic acid is a highly effective and safe brightening agent that can be used alone or in combination with other agents, such as vitamin C, niacinamide, and retinoids, to achieve optimal results in treating hyperpigmentation, including melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Compared to other brightening agents, tranexamic acid is generally gentler than hydroquinone and less irritating than retinoids, making it a suitable option for sensitive skin 1. The combination of tranexamic acid with other brightening agents, such as niacinamide and vitamin C, has been shown to be effective in reducing hyperpigmentation and improving skin brightness, with a better tolerance profile compared to hydroquinone 2, 1.
When using tranexamic acid in combination with other brightening agents, it is essential to introduce the products gradually, starting with lower concentrations and fewer products, to monitor for potential irritation and build up to a complete brightening regimen 3. The optimal concentration of tranexamic acid in topical formulations is typically between 3-5%, and it can be paired with vitamin C in the morning for antioxidant protection and brightening, and with retinoids at night to minimize irritation 4. Niacinamide can be used alongside tranexamic acid in the same formulation, as they work synergistically to improve hyperpigmentation and skin brightness 4, 1.
In terms of safety and efficacy, tranexamic acid has been shown to be well-tolerated and effective in reducing hyperpigmentation, with a lower adverse reaction profile compared to hydroquinone 2, 1. The use of tranexamic acid in combination with other brightening agents has also been shown to improve patient satisfaction and quality of life, with significant reductions in melasma and hyperpigmentation observed in clinical studies 2, 1.
Overall, tranexamic acid is a valuable addition to the treatment of hyperpigmentation, offering a safe and effective alternative to traditional brightening agents, and can be used in combination with other agents to achieve optimal results. Its gentle and non-irritating properties make it an ideal option for sensitive skin, and its ability to improve skin brightness and reduce hyperpigmentation make it a popular choice among patients seeking to improve their skin appearance 3, 4, 2, 1.