From the Research
Topical tranexamic acid for hyperpigmentation is generally considered safe, with minimal risks and side effects, as supported by the most recent study in 2023 1. When using topical tranexamic acid, it's essential to be aware of potential side effects, which may include:
- Mild skin irritation
- Redness
- Dryness
- Slight burning sensation upon application
- Contact dermatitis or allergic reactions, particularly in individuals with sensitive skin
To minimize the risk of adverse effects, it's recommended to:
- Start with a concentration between 2-5% applied once daily, gradually increasing to twice daily if tolerated well
- Perform a patch test before full application
- Always use sunscreen during treatment, as the skin may become more photosensitive
- Consult a healthcare provider before use, especially for individuals with a history of blood clots, thromboembolic disorders, or those who are pregnant or breastfeeding
Tranexamic acid works by inhibiting plasminogen activator, which reduces melanin production in the skin, with results typically taking 8-12 weeks of consistent use to become noticeable 2, 3. If irritation persists or worsens, discontinue use and consult a dermatologist. The most recent expert consensus in 2023 highlights the role of topical tranexamic acid in optimizing melasma management, particularly for certain patient profiles who have had prior therapy and/or are refractory to treatment 1.