What is the estimated A1C (glycated hemoglobin) level for an adult patient with diabetes and an average blood glucose level of hyperglycemia?

Medical Advisory BoardAll articles are reviewed for accuracy by our Medical Advisory Board
Educational purpose only • Exercise caution as content is pending human review
Article Review Status
Submitted
Under Review
Approved

Last updated: January 8, 2026View editorial policy

Personalize

Help us tailor your experience

Which best describes you? Your choice helps us use language that's most understandable for you.

Estimated A1C for Average Blood Glucose of 168 mg/dL

Based on the standardized conversion table from the A1C-Derived Average Glucose (ADAG) study, an average blood glucose of 168 mg/dL corresponds to an estimated A1C of approximately 7.3%.

Mathematical Relationship

The ADAG study established a strong correlation (r = 0.92) between A1C and average glucose using approximately 2,700 glucose measurements over 3 months per A1C measurement in 507 adults with type 1, type 2, and no diabetes 1, 2.

Using the validated conversion table 1:

  • A1C of 7% = mean plasma glucose of 154 mg/dL
  • A1C of 8% = mean plasma glucose of 183 mg/dL

Since 168 mg/dL falls between these two values, the corresponding A1C would be approximately 7.3% through linear interpolation 1.

Alternative Calculation Method

The linear regression formula from the ADAG study can also be used 2:

  • Average Glucose (mg/dL) = 28.7 × A1C - 46.7
  • Solving for A1C when average glucose = 168 mg/dL:
    • 168 = 28.7 × A1C - 46.7
    • A1C ≈ 7.5%

This slight variation reflects the mathematical approximation, but the conversion table method is the clinically recommended approach 1.

Clinical Context

An A1C of approximately 7.3% indicates:

  • Above the general target of <7% for most nonpregnant adults with diabetes 1
  • Below the threshold for less stringent control (<8%) that may be appropriate for patients with limited life expectancy, history of severe hypoglycemia, or extensive comorbidities 1
  • Well below the level where most patients experience hyperglycemic symptoms (threshold of 8.9% for type 2 diabetes and 10.05% for type 1 diabetes) 3

Important Caveats

Conditions affecting red blood cell turnover (hemolysis, blood loss) and hemoglobin variants can cause discrepancies between A1C and actual average glucose 1, 4.

Racial/ethnic differences may exist in the A1C-glucose relationship, with some evidence suggesting African Americans may have higher A1C values for the same mean glucose concentration 4.

Individual variability means that for any given average glucose level, there is a range of possible A1C values, though the correlation remains strong at the population level 5.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Is there an HbA1c Threshold for Symptoms of Chronic Hyperglycemia?

Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes : official journal, German Society of Endocrinology [and] German Diabetes Association, 2022

Guideline

A1C Value for Average Blood Sugar

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Research

The Relationships Between Time in Range, Hyperglycemia Metrics, and HbA1c.

Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2019

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

Have a follow-up question?

Our Medical A.I. is used by practicing medical doctors at top research institutions around the world. Ask any follow up question and get world-class guideline-backed answers instantly.