From the Guidelines
Expectorants, such as guaifenesin, are commonly used to help loosen mucus in the respiratory tract, making coughs more productive. The most effective expectorants include:
- Guaifenesin, which is the only FDA-approved expectorant in the United States, works by increasing respiratory tract fluid secretions and reducing mucus viscosity 1.
- Other substances with expectorant properties include potassium iodide, ammonium chloride, and certain herbal remedies like ivy leaf extract, eucalyptus oil, and licorice root 1.
- Natural expectorants also include adequate hydration and steam inhalation, which help thin mucus 1. It is essential to note that expectorants are most effective for productive coughs with thick mucus and should be used with caution in patients with certain medical conditions like kidney disease or thyroid disorders 1. Typical adult dosing for guaifenesin is 200-400 mg every 4 hours, not exceeding 2400 mg daily. Unlike cough suppressants, expectorants are intended to promote coughing to clear mucus rather than stop the cough reflex. The use of expectorants should be based on the individual patient's needs and medical history, and it is crucial to follow the recommended dosage and guidelines to ensure safe and effective use.
From the FDA Drug Label
EXPECTORANT Expectorant SUGAR FREE / ALCOHOL FREE
From the Research
Expectorants
- Guaifenesin 3, 4, 5, 6: a mucoactive drug that acts by loosening mucus in the airways and making coughs more productive
- Hyperosmolar saline 4: used as an expectorant in cystic fibrosis
- Mannitol powder 4, 7: used as an expectorant in cystic fibrosis