What is the significance of a Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) level of 45?

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From the Guidelines

A DHEA-S level of 45 μg/dL is considered low and may require supplementation, particularly in women with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) who are experiencing symptoms such as fatigue, decreased libido, or low energy levels. Normal DHEA-S ranges vary by age and sex, with levels naturally declining as we age 1. For most adults, normal ranges are approximately 80-560 μg/dL for men and 35-430 μg/dL for women. Low DHEA-S levels may be associated with adrenal insufficiency, chronic stress, certain medications (especially corticosteroids), or simply the natural aging process.

Key Considerations

  • If symptoms persist, a healthcare provider may recommend DHEA supplementation, typically starting at 25-50 mg daily, taken in the morning 1.
  • DHEA supplements should only be taken under medical supervision as they can affect hormone balance and may interact with certain medications.
  • Lifestyle factors like adequate sleep, stress management, regular exercise, and proper nutrition can naturally support adrenal function and potentially help improve DHEA-S levels.

Important Factors to Consider

  • The long-term effects of DHEA replacement therapy in patients with PAI are not well established, and such a regimen should be used with caution 1.
  • A pragmatic approach is to offer female patients with a persistent lack of libido and/or low energy levels despite optimized glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid replacement a 6-month trial of DHEA replacement, which can be continued if clinically effective 1.

From the Research

DHEA-S Level of 45

  • A DHEA-S level of 45 is considered low, as normal levels typically range from 55.4 µg/dL to 437 µg/dL for men and 27.4 µg/dL to 328 µg/dL for women 2.
  • Low DHEA-S levels have been associated with various health issues, including adrenal insufficiency, cardiovascular disease, and mortality 3, 4, 2.
  • In the context of adrenal insufficiency, a low DHEA-S level can be an indicator of the condition, but it is not sufficient for diagnosis on its own 4.
  • DHEA-S levels can also be influenced by age, gender, and other factors, making it essential to consider these variables when interpreting test results 5, 6.
  • Research suggests that DHEA-S may have a role in maintaining cardiovascular health, with low levels potentially increasing the risk of heart failure and mortality 2.
  • Additionally, DHEA-S has been shown to have immunomodulatory effects, improving physical and psychological well-being, muscle strength, and bone density, while reducing body fat and age-related skin atrophy 3.

References

Guideline

Guideline Directed Topic Overview

Dr.Oracle Medical Advisory Board & Editors, 2025

Research

Plasma Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Older Men and Women.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2020

Research

Biochemical diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency: the added value of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate measurements.

Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, 2011

Research

DHEA and DHEA-S: a review.

Journal of clinical pharmacology, 1999

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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