How Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) is Sourced for Microneedling
PRP is sourced by drawing the patient's own peripheral blood (typically 9-10 mL) into collection tubes, then centrifuging it to separate and concentrate the platelet-rich layer from other blood components. 1
Blood Collection Process
- Draw 9-10 mL of autologous peripheral blood from the patient using standard venipuncture technique 1
- Blood is collected in specialized tubes without anticoagulants or additives for standard PRP 1
- The autologous nature eliminates risk of transfusion-transmitted infections and allergic reactions 2
Centrifugation and Separation
- Centrifuge the blood at 700-2000 RCF (relative centrifugal force) for 8 minutes in a horizontal centrifuge 1
- This creates distinct layers: plasma (top), buffy coat with platelets and leukocytes (middle), and red blood cells (bottom) 1
- The centrifugation parameters vary by protocol, with some using 700 rpm for 3 minutes while others use higher speeds 1
PRP Collection for Microneedling Application
- Collect the platelet-rich layer (liquid-PRF) including the buffy coat using a syringe 1
- This concentrated platelet layer contains growth factors that stimulate angiogenesis, cell migration, proliferation, and collagen deposition 3
- The platelet concentration should be at least 2-3 times above normal baseline levels 4
Critical Timing Considerations
- Prepare all equipment before blood withdrawal as timing is limited once blood is drawn 1
- If using PRF (platelet-rich fibrin), the formulation will clot within 20-40 minutes if left in the syringe 1
- Exposure to oxygen (such as opening the tube cap) causes much faster clotting 1
Application Method for Microneedling
- Apply PRP topically to the skin BEFORE microneedling, not after 1
- The microneedling creates channels that push the platelet concentrate into the skin 1
- Studies show significantly better outcomes when PRP is applied prior to needling rather than after 1
Common Pitfall to Avoid
The single most important technical detail: One study showed no benefit when PRP was applied AFTER microneedling 1. This highlights that the sequence matters—the needling effect must push the growth factors into the dermis, which only occurs when PRP is applied first 1.
Alternative: Enhanced PRF Formulations
For patients seeking longer-lasting results beyond standard liquid PRP, albumin-based PRF (Bio-Filler) can be created by heating the platelet-poor plasma layer at 75°C for 10 minutes, then mixing with the platelet-rich layer 1. This creates a gel that lasts 4-6 months rather than the faster resorption of liquid PRP 1.