What is the cause of a penile curvature, also known as Peyronie's disease?

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Last updated: April 15, 2025View editorial policy

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Differential Diagnosis for Curve in Penis

  • Single most likely diagnosis
    • Peyronie's disease: This condition is characterized by the formation of fibrous scar tissue inside the penis, leading to curved, painful erections. It is the most common cause of penile curvature and often presents with a palpable plaque.
  • Other Likely diagnoses
    • Congenital penile curvature: Some men are born with a curved penis, which can be due to abnormal development during fetal growth.
    • Penile fracture: A penile fracture can cause curvature if the injury leads to the formation of scar tissue that pulls the penis to one side.
    • Erectile dysfunction: Certain conditions that cause erectile dysfunction, such as vascular disease, can also lead to penile curvature due to uneven blood flow.
  • Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
    • Malignancy (e.g., penile cancer): Although rare, penile cancer can cause curvature and other symptoms like ulcers or masses. Early detection is crucial for effective treatment.
    • Vasculitis: Inflammation of the blood vessels (vasculitis) can affect the penis and cause curvature, pain, or other symptoms.
  • Rare diagnoses
    • Klinefelter syndrome: A genetic condition that affects male development and can lead to various physical characteristics, including penile curvature.
    • Epispadias: A rare congenital condition where the urethra opens on the top of the penis, which can be associated with curvature.
    • Dupuytren's contracture of the penis: A rare condition similar to Peyronie's disease but caused by a different type of fibrotic tissue.

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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