From the Guidelines
To splint a wrist fracture, first immobilize the wrist in a neutral position using a rigid splint that extends from mid-forearm to just below the knuckles, as this approach is supported by the general principles of fracture management, although specific guidelines for wrist fractures are not detailed in the provided evidence 1. When splinting a wrist fracture, it's essential to apply padding like cotton or soft bandages to protect bony prominences and prevent pressure sores.
- The splint should be secured with an elastic bandage, wrapping it firmly but not too tightly to avoid restricting circulation.
- The splint should immobilize both the wrist joint and the fracture site while leaving the fingers free to move.
- Elevate the injured wrist above heart level to reduce swelling and apply ice for 15-20 minutes every 1-2 hours during the first 24-48 hours.
- Monitor for signs of compromised circulation such as increased pain, numbness, tingling, blue or pale fingers, or inability to move the fingers. A proper splint provides temporary stabilization until definitive medical care can be obtained, which is crucial as improper healing can lead to chronic pain and limited function, as implied by the importance of proper diagnosis and treatment in the management of heel pain and potentially other fractures 1. Remember that splinting is a temporary measure - all suspected fractures should be evaluated by a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment, considering that simple immobilization may be appropriate for certain types of fractures, such as those with small, nonarticular, or minimally displaced fragments 1.
From the Research
Splinting a Wrist Fracture
To splint a wrist fracture, the following steps and considerations can be taken:
- The type of splint used can vary, with options including a sugar-tong splint or a volar splint 2.
- The position of immobilization is also a consideration, with options including maximal supination or no restriction of supination 2.
- A volar slab can be used for effective immobilization and patient comfort, and can be applied using a specific technique 3.
- The technique for applying a volar slab includes:
- Using a standard construction method
- Selecting the required materials
- Defining the slab outline and desired cast parameters
- Positioning the limb during application
- Achieving an ideal functional position of the wrist
- Moulding the slab to the forearm and palm 3.
- The goal of splinting is to achieve wrist immobilization while maintaining reasonable function of the injured limb 3.
- Studies have shown that different immobilization techniques may not result in significant differences in patient outcomes, such as range of motion, grip strength, and patient-rated outcome measures 2.