From the Research
The most common causes of rosacea include genetic predisposition, immune system abnormalities, and environmental triggers, with the most recent evidence suggesting that avoiding personal triggers and using prescribed treatments like topical metronidazole, azelaic acid, or oral antibiotics such as doxycycline can help manage symptoms 1. The causes of rosacea can be broken down into several key factors, including:
- Genetic predisposition: people with fair skin, particularly those of Northern European descent, have a higher genetic risk
- Immune system abnormalities: an overactive immune response can play a significant role in causing the inflammation, redness, and visible blood vessels characteristic of rosacea
- Environmental triggers: specific triggers that commonly worsen rosacea include sun exposure, emotional stress, hot or cold weather, wind, spicy foods, alcohol (especially red wine), hot drinks, and certain skincare products containing alcohol or fragrances
- Demodex folliculorum mite: this mite, which naturally lives on human skin, may contribute to rosacea when present in higher numbers
- Blood vessel abnormalities: these can also play a significant role in causing the inflammation, redness, and visible blood vessels characteristic of rosacea In terms of management, avoiding personal triggers and using prescribed treatments like topical metronidazole, azelaic acid, or oral antibiotics such as doxycycline can help manage symptoms 1. Gentle skincare routines using mild, non-abrasive cleansers and daily broad-spectrum sunscreen are also essential for preventing flare-ups. Some key points to consider when managing rosacea include:
- Identifying and avoiding personal triggers
- Using prescribed treatments as directed
- Maintaining a gentle skincare routine
- Protecting the skin from the sun and other environmental stressors
- Considering the psychosocial implications of rosacea and seeking support if needed It's worth noting that while there is no permanent cure for rosacea, the most recent evidence suggests that a combination of lifestyle changes and medical therapies can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life 1.