What is the dosage of acyclovir (antiviral medication) for an 11.5kg pediatric patient using 400mg/5ml syrup at 20mg/kg?

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Acyclovir Dosing Calculation for 11.5kg Pediatric Patient

For an 11.5kg child requiring 20mg/kg of acyclovir using 400mg/5ml syrup, administer 5.75ml per dose.

Dosing Calculation

The calculation is straightforward:

  • Total dose needed: 11.5kg × 20mg/kg = 230mg per dose 1
  • Volume calculation: Using 400mg/5ml concentration, this equals (230mg ÷ 400mg) × 5ml = 5.75ml per dose 1

Practical Administration Considerations

For practical home administration, this dose can be rounded to 6ml (approximately 2.6% increase), which falls within acceptable rounding parameters used in pediatric dosing 2. However, if precision is required, use an oral syringe marked to 0.25ml increments to deliver exactly 5.75ml 3.

Dosing Frequency Context

The frequency of administration depends on the indication 1:

  • Herpes simplex treatment: Typically 5 times daily for immunocompetent patients 1, 4
  • Varicella (chickenpox): 4 times daily (20mg/kg per dose, maximum 800mg per dose) 1
  • Herpes zoster: 5 times daily in immunocompetent patients 1

Critical Safety Points

Weight-based dosing is essential in pediatric patients due to immature drug elimination pathways and pharmacokinetic differences 3, 5. The actual measured weight of 11.5kg should be used for all calculations 3.

Monitor for adequate hydration during acyclovir therapy, as the drug is excreted renally and crystalluria can occur, particularly with higher doses 1, 6, 7. Ensure the child maintains adequate fluid intake throughout treatment 1.

Bioavailability considerations: Oral acyclovir has 10-20% bioavailability that decreases with increasing doses, but this is already accounted for in the 20mg/kg dosing recommendation 1. The medication may be administered with or without food 1.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

  • Do not use adult dosing: Maximum single doses apply (800mg for varicella/zoster), but weight-based calculation takes precedence in pediatric patients 1
  • Do not round excessively: While minor rounding is acceptable for practical administration, significant dose reductions could compromise efficacy 2, 5
  • Ensure proper measuring device: Use an oral syringe rather than household spoons for accurate dosing 3

References

Guideline

Ondansetron Dosing Guidelines for Infants

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Guideline

Weight-Based Medication Dosing for Infants

Praxis Medical Insights: Practical Summaries of Clinical Guidelines, 2025

Research

Patient Weight Should Be Included on All Medication Prescriptions.

The journal of pediatric pharmacology and therapeutics : JPPT : the official journal of PPAG, 2023

Research

History, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacology of acyclovir.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 1988

Professional Medical Disclaimer

This information is intended for healthcare professionals. Any medical decision-making should rely on clinical judgment and independently verified information. The content provided herein does not replace professional discretion and should be considered supplementary to established clinical guidelines. Healthcare providers should verify all information against primary literature and current practice standards before application in patient care. Dr.Oracle assumes no liability for clinical decisions based on this content.

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