Hand Orthosis (Hand Splint)
The correct term for a splint specifically designed to support and immobilize the hand is a "hand orthosis" or "hand splint." 1
Terminology and Types
The medical literature uses several interchangeable terms for hand-specific immobilization devices:
- Hand orthosis is the formal medical terminology recommended by the American College of Rheumatology 1
- Hand splint is the commonly used clinical term 2, 3
- These devices are distinct from slings, which support the arm and shoulder rather than immobilizing specific hand structures 1
Categories of Hand Orthoses
Hand orthoses encompass a variety of mechanical supports designed for different anatomical targets 1:
- Digital orthoses - for individual finger joints 1
- Ring splints - for specific finger joint stabilization 1
- Rigid orthoses - for maximum immobilization 1
- Neoprene orthoses - for flexible support with some compression 1
- Thumb base orthoses - specifically for first carpometacarpal (CMC) joint support 1
- Wrist-hand orthoses - for combined wrist and hand immobilization 1
- Resting hand splints - position the hand in functional position, though their effectiveness for contracture prevention remains controversial 1
- Hand-based splints - support only the hand without extending to the forearm 4, 5
Clinical Context
Evaluation by an occupational therapist is strongly recommended when considering hand orthoses, as they have expertise in selecting and fitting the appropriate device type. 1 The choice depends on which specific joints require immobilization, the underlying condition being treated, and whether the goal is rest, functional support, or contracture prevention 1.