Differential Diagnosis for Neck Pain
- Single most likely diagnosis
- Musculoskeletal strain: This is the most common cause of neck pain, often resulting from poor posture, muscle overuse, or minor injuries. It is likely due to the high prevalence of musculoskeletal issues in the general population.
- Other Likely diagnoses
- Cervical spondylosis: A common condition characterized by wear and tear on the discs and joints in the neck, leading to pain and stiffness. It is more common in older adults.
- Herniated cervical disc: Occurs when the soft inner gel of the disc leaks out through a tear in the outer layer, potentially compressing nerves and causing pain.
- Whiplash: A neck injury caused by a sudden movement of the head forwards, backwards, or sideways, often occurring in car accidents.
- Do Not Miss (ddxs that may not be likely, but would be deadly if missed.)
- Cervical spine fracture: A break in one of the cervical vertebrae, which can be life-threatening if not promptly diagnosed and treated.
- Spinal cord injury: Damage to the spinal cord that can result in loss of sensation, strength, and function below the level of the injury.
- Meningitis: Inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, which can be fatal if not treated promptly.
- Carotid artery dissection: A tear in the wall of the carotid artery, which can lead to stroke or death if not recognized and managed appropriately.
- Rare diagnoses
- Rheumatoid arthritis: An autoimmune disorder that can cause inflammation and pain in the neck, although it is less common than other causes of neck pain.
- Osteomyelitis: A bone infection that can occur in the cervical spine, often as a result of bacterial infection.
- Spinal tumor: A rare growth that can develop in the cervical spine, potentially causing pain, weakness, and other neurological symptoms.
- Multiple sclerosis: A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, which can cause neck pain among other symptoms, although it is relatively rare.